Posts Tagged ‘performance’

Should you be a dictator?

Tuesday, July 6th, 2010

Few leadership articles have stirred a response like the one titled Your Company Is not a Democracy by George Cloutier. There was even some question about whether it was serious – or if it was a parody of old-school “command and control” leadership styles. However, it’s a bona fide opinion article, and most of the comments made us cringe.

Here’s Mr. Cloutier’s advice, and Humanergy’s take.

Be a dictator. Give direction, but not about everything. Dictate the mission, values – the critical few things that will keep your organization focused and successful. Don’t waffle on those.

Tell your employees: “Don’t think – obey.” If your employees aren’t thinking, they should stay home. You need all intellects, skillsets and experiences actively engaged on your organization’s problems and opportunities.

Forget your likeability score. Earn respect through true leadership and likeability will probably come. True leaders don’t walk around with the goal of being warm and fuzzy, but they do treat people with genuine respect and kindness. They know that engaged workers who see themselves as an integral part of the organization produce better results. Therefore, good leaders communicate often, get input from their people and earn trust and respect at the same time.

Be a feared general. Don’t use fear as a tool. Using fear as a leadership tool is a sign of the leader’s own insecurities. Anyone holding the reins that tight is doing so out of fear – fear of losing control, new ideas or not being the smartest person in the room. You cannot command respect through fear. What you will create is an environment that encourages in-fighting, short-term gains and employees doing anything possible to look good.

Fear is the best motivator. Praise is a far better motivator. Our blog post on praising employees quoted research on the connection between praise and performance. Employees who receive regular praise have higher productivity and lower turnover, and they make fewer mistakes. Fear, on the other hand, may produce some short-term compliance to avoid reprisals. But because fear increases physical and emotional stress, employees are less productive over time. They’re also profoundly unfulfilled, which in turn causes your employees to dust off their resumes and find a less toxic environment.

Penalize poor or negligent performance. Spend more time feeding good performance than pointing out what’s not going well. Indeed, poor performance must be addressed as soon as it is noted. However, if you as a leader spend most of your time doling out penalties for poor performance, you are taking time from your most high value work. You should spend the vast majority of your time figuring out what is working and building on that success.

Fire incompetent employees. Surround yourself with only the best people. There should be no room in your company for people who operate contrary to the values, ethics or best practices that you’ve established. Hire and groom people who’s goals align with the organization’s and with passion to continually learn. Do that well, and you won’t need to fire many people.

Enforce, enforce, enforce. Adapt, adapt, adapt. Plans are made to be adapted to an ever-changing business environment. Rather than insisting that people follow your plans exactly, encourage adaptation within key parameters. The goals and best practices won’t change, but you’ll be nimble and responsive in how you get there.

Being a dictator requires a leader to possess all the wisdom, creativity, experience and judgment necessary for success in an ever-changing world. No one can do that. Unfortunately, some people still operate in the mindset that they can do it all, that they have all the answers. Scary. As Emile Chartier said, “There is nothing more dangerous than an idea when it is the only one you have.”

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Coaching lessons from golf school

Thursday, June 10th, 2010

My recent experience at golf school illustrated how frustrating and exhilarating it can be to learn something new. In fact, an anonymous but wise person said, Golf can best be defined as an endless series of tragedies obscured by the occasional miracle.

What lessons were learned that will help all of us to be better coaches and learners, regardless of the subject matter? For coaches:

Fundamentals, fundamentals, fundamentals. The golf pro spent 99% of the allotted time on the basic building blocks for a good swing. It wasn’t just on the driving range. Every time we had a club in our hands, she connected the dots between the current focus and the swing fundamentals.  As we built a good short shot, we also improved on our drives, and vice versa.  Whether you’re teaching someone how to sell widgets or service a machine, define the fundamentals and keep them front and center.

Stay true to what works. The golf pro was immovable when it came to the fundamentals of a good swing, no matter how many times she heard, “Well, what works for me is…” If there are tried and true best practices, stick to those and don’t compromise.

Communicate in a way that works for the learner. The golf pro used multiple means of communication, including verbal instructions, physical demonstration, video reviews and an illustrated manual. She adapted her methods to suit the needs of her students, like when her “80% angle” reference caused us all to stare blankly. She quickly understood that we didn’t get the spatial relations talk, but responded well when she said things like, “keep your head steady, rotate at the waist and straighten your left arm.” A good coach learns to communicate in many different ways – not just in the way in which he or she is most comfortable.

Break complicated stuff into manageable bits. Instead of tackling the whole swing, I spent hours working on bringing the club back to shoulder level correctly. Once my brain and body were coordinating this move well, I was able to incorporate other swing elements. Remember that people can’t keep numerous steps in their head all at once. Mastery of each component part builds muscle memory, increases confidence and sets the stage for overall success.

Use cycles of show, imitate, rectify. The pro would model the correct behavior, we would try to imitate her, and she then provided us with constructive feedback. The cycle was repeated over and over, until we were able to imitate the desired results fluidly.

Think you’re ready to be coached? A successful learning experience requires both a great coach, and a learner with the right motivation and attitude. For learners:

Align with your coach on goals. Some people came to golf school thinking that their game was great and only needed a few tweaks. The pro helped each person become more realistic about their current performance and set goals for improvement. In any coaching situation, be open to the fact that you may have more to learn than you previously thought.

Be a sponge, not a filter. In many ways, the novices at golf school got it right. They kept their mouths shut and their eyes and ears open. They didn’t waste time debating the merits of one grip or another. They took in as much information as possible, and readily tried new things. The result? Fewer tragedies and many more miracles. If you’re learning something new, try not to screen suggestions through the lens of your past experience. You don’t know what you don’t know.

Practice perfectly. Yes, it was mind-numbing to repeatedly practice the correct back swing. Contrary to popular belief, practice does not make perfect. Perfect practice makes perfect. It is only through doing things right that you develop a habit of excellent performance. The amazing thing is, according to Gary Player, the more you practice, the luckier you get.

The most valuable lesson from golf school? Golf, like any skill, is not about executing the right physical movements. It is largely played in our minds. Success is dependent upon having the right attitude as well as skill set. My attitude? Focus, relish the occasional miracle of a stellar shot and remember to have fun along the way.

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Expectation or suggestion? Clear communication with direct reports

Thursday, May 27th, 2010

Arnold is meeting with Bev, one of his direct reports. She is going over her current projects. Arnold comments that she appears to be overloaded with work that isn’t a top priority. Bev is astounded. But this is what you told me to do, she explains.

I did want you to work on projects A and D, says Arnold, but the other things on this list were just ideas I was tossing around at the staff meeting. I didn’t mean for you to act on those.

How could Arnold, as the supervisor, have aligned more effectively with Bev on what was truly important?

Define strategic priorities. You may be giving unclear direction to your direct reports because you aren’t certain about the most critical priorities. Gain clarity by discussing desired results and impact with your boss and others. Then align your direct reports’ actions with those urgent priorities.

Remember that when the boss speaks, people listen. This may seem obvious, but it’s something that is often forgotten in the excitement of the moment. The boss thinks she’s just generating some potential new ideas. Direct reports can assume that if an idea comes from her, they must make it happen.

Use clear language. Make it plain that if you are brainstorming or giving direction. You may need to say this more than once – at the beginning of the conversation and at the end – to make sure that people get the message.

Gauge people’s understanding by closing the loop. Ask people to re-state what you’ve said in their own words. If you’re not on the same page, try communicating again and have them restate their understanding once more.

Encourage people to ask questions. Some bosses are like seagulls; they “swoop and poop,”  blurting out directions and moving on to the next activity. Make time to answer any questions that your direct reports may have. Don’t just assume they’ll ask for clarification if they need it. Some people hesitate to pose questions, thinking that making an inquiry may appear less self-reliant. Set the expectation that questions are not just acceptable, but an expected part of getting on the same page.

Hold regular check-ins. Schedule time for your direct reports to meet with you to discuss progress, roadblocks or any pressing issue that impacts results. Talk with your direct reports to figure out if weekly, monthly or quarterly check-ins would be best to keep projects moving.

Clear communication is required to define the results that are to be achieved and make performance expectations clear. Achieve mutual understanding with your direct reports by regular, concise and two-way communication that keeps them focused on the right stuff and growing as individuals. Don’t assume that people interpret your communication the way you intended. Remember the wisdom of George Bernard Shaw, The single biggest problem with communication is the illusion that it has taken place.

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More, better, faster: Over-accelerating the pace of work

Monday, May 17th, 2010

The Harvard Business Review recently produced two articles related to the frantic pace of work that appears to be the “new normal.” The Acceleration Trap by Heike Bruch and Jochen I. Menges and The Productivity Myth by Tony Schwartz illustrate a growing problem. The ever-accelerating push for higher productivity, 24-hour accessibility, rapid-fire systems change and increasing complexity combine to produce employees who may appear to be unmotivated and listless. In reality, they’re sleep-deprived, strangers at home and less productive with every passing hour.

What can leaders do if they suspect their organization is over-accelerated? Break the cycle by facing these realities:

Acceleration is a problem with dire consequences. Over-taxed employees can’t maintain quality and safety indefinitely. A constantly frantic pace means that employees are continually shifting from one urgent priority to another, so they lack time to recharge. It may seem like your people are getting more done, when in reality they’re just putting in more hours.

You can break free. The Acceleration Trap gives many examples of companies that stopped the madness. Tough decisions and vigilance are required. It can be easy to fall back into old habits of saying yes when you should be saying no, so put measures in place to monitor decision-making, priorities and work load.

It’s not just about making your people happy. It’s about their brains operating properly. Tony Schwarz talks about how working at full throttle all the time your “prefrontal cortex shuts down in fight or flight, your perspective narrows, and your primitive instincts take over.” Think about the quality of decision-making that happens on an adrenalin high!

Your organization can still thrive. You might feel that you’re sacrificing productivity if you slow things down. Wrong. More work isn’t better. The right work is better, and everything else is just a distraction.

Working insane hours seems to be equated with commitment and drive – and the more crazy the hours, the more motivated (and promotable) you think you are. As The Productivity Myth blog post points out, it’s time for people to be measured not by how many hours they work, but by the results they deliver.

In the immortal words of Dilbert, “In Japan, employees occasionally work themselves to death. It’s called Karoshi. I don’t want that to happen to anybody in my department. The trick is to take a break as soon as you see a bright light or hear dead relatives beckon.”

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To 360 or not to 360

Monday, April 12th, 2010

A recent Business Week article advocated that the 360 degree assessment should be a thing of the past. Typically, the 360 evaluation includes peers, direct reports and others giving feedback anonymously, all using the same assessment tool. Scores for each group are averaged, so that the person being assessed only knows the collective perspectives,  and any written comments are anonymous.

The author’s premise is that the anonymous evaluation tool is a cop-out, and that people ought to feel comfortable giving open feedback on an ongoing basis. Yes, in a perfect world, they should. In our less-than-perfect reality, however, people don’t always tell each other the unvarnished truth. For individuals who fear conflict, frank feedback is difficult to give. This is just one good reason to keep 360 assessments in your arsenal.

Why do a 360 assessment?

360 evaluations provide a snapshot. If you’re ready to take your leadership to the next level, you need to understand how others perceive you now, what strengths you have and the opportunities for growth. It’s hard to get this much well-rounded information without polling a number of people with very different perspectives.

You probably don’t hear all the feedback you need to hear. Even if you’re a nice person, some people just won’t give you negative feedback. This is particularly true if you are in a position of power. An anonymous feedback mechanism may be the only way to make sure you hear everything you need to know about your performance.

What else should you consider when doing a 360?

Choose the right raters. Include people who know your work well; don’t eliminate people who you suspect may not be fans. A diverse group will give you better insight into your performance and how it’s perceived. Typically, in  a 360, you will group raters together, and their responses will be averaged; carefully consider how to group people to achieve a better understanding of varying perspectives.

Ask raters appropriately. Ask raters to give you feedback – in person if you can. Never assume that someone will be willing to take the time – 360 feedback requires an investment of at least 30 minutes and probably more if they are doing a thorough job. When you ask for feedback, review confidentiality and encourage people to be fully honest.

Get a coach before your 360. You may be self-aware and motivated to use the feedback wisely. Even so, an unbiased, supportive and challenging coach will help you understand the feedback more thoroughly and process your reaction to it. Your coach will also ensure that you focus your efforts on the right actions that bring the best results and impact – a bigger payoff for your time invested.

Is a 360 a developmental tool or a means of performance appraisal? 360 evaluations have been used for both, but proceed with caution if you’re using a 360 as part of performance appraisal. The dynamics change when the feedback will impact a person’s raise or promotion. We find that using 360 evaluations in the context of development is the best use of the tool and allows raters to contribute meaningfully to a person’s continued growth.

What if your company can’t afford a 360? Do what you can to encourage open feedback. Ask for it regularly and  seek out a number of perspectives. Above all, don’t try to mask your feelings about feedback with a terse “thanks.” If you’re struggling to accept criticism, say so calmly and let the person know that you are still processing. As you put together your improvement plan, keep people informed about your goals, actions and how they can help.

If you’re resistant to feedback or don’t want to change, skip the 360. Do some rigorous self-assessing about your readiness before you engage in the process. It’s true that the only person you can really change is you, but that only works when you’re prepared to hear the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.

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Think achieve, then do

Monday, April 5th, 2010

If you don’t know where you’re going, you can never get lost. Herb Cohen

When vacationing, the lack of a defined destination can set the stage for a grand adventure. In our work lives, however, not knowing where you’re going usually spells disaster. How can you best meet your goals and avoid the aimless wandering that wastes everyone’s time and money?

Think achieve, then do. Before you get down to action, focus on what it is you want to achieve. Don’t think about what you want to do, define what you want to accomplish. Ask yourself these questions:

  • Why are we doing this? What is our purpose for doing this work?
  • What result are we trying to achieve? What will change, and how? What will be created or eliminated?
  • When this is done, what will success look like? What impact will it have? On whom and on what?

Think achieve, then do may not come naturally. There are some common barriers to focusing first on what we want to accomplish, including:

Task orientation. You arrive at work and immediately get busy. You check things off your to-do list. It is all too easy to get through an entire work day without thinking about what you are trying to achieve. Don’t take for granted that you know what results and impact you’re striving for. Take some time each day, preferably first thing, to zero in on “think achieve.”

Fuzzy goals. You may think you know what you’re trying to accomplish and why. But do others share the same picture? Talk about it to ensure that you and your teammates have a common vision around what will be achieved -  a shared definition of success. Pretend you’re traveling to the future and that you’ve accomplished your mission. What does the world look like? Who or what has changed? What spin-off effects can you imagine?

I “should.” Think achieve, then do requires focus and a direct connection between what you want to accomplish and what you think and do each day. When you say, “I really should…(exercise daily, call my customers more frequently, take my son to dinner…), do you really have any intention of doing it? If so, do it. If not, “I should” is a distraction from a laser-like focus on what you really want to get done.

Lack of realism. If your picture of success is complex, break it into discrete, manageable chunks that you can accomplish over time.

Lost focus. Use reminders that help you keep your eye on the ball.  Post a list of what you want to achieve in a spot where you’ll see it regularly. Find a meaningful picture that represents what you want to accomplish. Create a theme song. Set up automated reminders on your phone or computer. The key is to put your desired results front and center to keep you on track.

Not doing. It’s one thing to get pumped up about what you want to achieve. It’s another to hunker down and get it done. Resist the urge to do it all yourself. Assemble others with a vested interest and divide duties. Decide how you’ll move forward, monitor progress and hold one another accountable.

Charting a course to a future reality can be exhilarating. It also requires a tolerance for risk, since the journey to your ultimate destination will include some surprises. Mark Twain said to succeed in life you need two things – ignorance and confidence. You may not know exactly what lies ahead, but start your trip today by figuring out what is you really want to achieve. Then get packing and enjoy the ride.

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Coaching: Four essential elements

Thursday, August 27th, 2009

cornfieldWhat is coaching? A clear definition is a necessary foundation for success – whether you’re coaching a group of 8-year-old soccer players or a business executive.

Humanergy views coaching as a dialogue that promotes success and development. Coaching is a dialogue because it relies upon the interplay between the coach and coachee. Sorry, no super hero coaches flying in to save the day. But a skilled coach does guide others to produce fantastic results – new/better thinking and behavior and outstanding performance.

What are the essential elements of successful coaching?

Feed. Feed the person with authentic respect and value of their perspective. Feed the strengths by:

  • recognizing successes
  • understanding the mechanics of success (the specific thinking and behaviors that produce it)
  • reinforcing desired practices

Need. Identify the need for improved impact, results and performance. What’s the gap between current impact, results and performance and what is desired or required?

Seed. Seed performance with improved practices. Work with the coachee to grow new thinking and behavior.

Weed. Weed out limiting practices when they are resistant or dangerous. Some thinking and behavior are counter-productive. Develop a plan to eliminate practices that hinder progress and replace them with newly-seeded best practices.

Together, these 4 essential elements are a winning combination for coaching success. If you’re being coached, make sure that all 4 aspects are being covered. If you’re the coach, don’t leave out any of these critical components. After all, coaching is a partnership with mutual responsibility to ensure that feed, need, seed and weed all happen. Agreed?

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Delegation done right

Wednesday, August 26th, 2009

sign-hereDelegation isn’t just about giving someone else something from your task list (as tempting as that may be). Delegation is really an agreement between two parties, both of whom have responsibilities to uphold.

You might not use a formal contract, but there must be mutual understanding around what is expected. What do you need to define in order to make delegation successful?

What is the expected impact? What effect will this work have on the team and/or the organization?

What results are expected? What key indicators will define success? What will be different once the work is done?

What boundaries on the work might exist? Who should be involved? What should be communicated to whom and how often? Are there other parameters (“do this, not that”) regarding how the work should be performed?

What are our mutual responsibilities post-delegation? What information will be shared? How often and by what means will we communicate? How will assistance and support be sought and given?

Delegation requires an investment of time in exploring and documenting these key points. And delegating does not always mean giving away 100% of the responsibility and accountability.

So what are the delegation payoffs? You can focus on the stuff that only you can do. The person delegated to gains experience and skill. The organization accomplishes X. And they all live happily ever after.

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Achieve more by doing less

Thursday, June 4th, 2009

lazy1It’s summer. Time to kick back. Not so for lots of folks who are frantically trying to a) find a job or b) keep a job or c) survive in this hectic, over-scheduled, manically connected world.

So, what’s the secret to achieving more by doing less? The 80/20 principle. First observed by Vilfredo Pareto in 1897, it means that 20% of our efforts and actions will likely produce 80% of our results.

So? The 80/20 principle reminds us to focus clearly on what we want to achieve. Then we must make sure that there is a connection between these goals and our actions.

Don’t we always do that? Afraid not. Much of our activity on any given day is stuff we’ve always done, and we don’t really think about whether it’s zeroing in on our desired results or not.

Here’s how to focus on the right 20% of actions!

Think about short-term and long-term implications. Will your actions right now pay off for you tomorrow or build toward something you really want or need in the future?

Give up some things you like to do. Sorry to say this, but a chunk of what you do needs to go. Be brutal when you think about whether what you’re doing today will help you reach your target in the future.

Focus on your strengths. You can waste a lot of time trying to rid yourself of a weakness. Maximize your growth by spending the majority of your development time building on your strengths.

Make a plan, keep it visible and get help. Post your goals and the specific steps you’re going to take to achieve them. Get your colleagues to help hold you accountable.

If you’re going to work, you might as well work smart. Make a conscious choice to focus on the essential few things you need to be doing. (And we’re sure that one of those vital activities will be reading this blog regularly!)

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Help! I need somebody.

Tuesday, June 2nd, 2009

help1Asking for help just isn’t cool. Or manly. Or womanly. At least that is how it seems, since we can be so loathe to do it. Maybe we’re afraid to be seen as weak or unable to go it alone. Asking for help is actually a great thing – and can be good for the helper, too.

How and when do you ask for help?

Do it right away. When you receive an assignment, ask lots of questions to figure out what outcomes are desired, who needs to be involved and what you don’t know how to do. Assemble a team that will fill in the gaps in your knowledge, experience or connections.

Don’t do it at the last minute. The deadline is looming, and the project is nowhere close to finished. So we call in favors or even beg a little to dig ourselves out of the hole. We may be forgiven for doing this once, but repeat offenders will get a reputation and help won’t come running the second or third time.

Be specific. Communicate what you really need. Sometimes it’s advice, and other times it’s a commitment of time and energy. Specify what you what the person to accomplish, the context for the work and even suggestions about how you’d like it done, if necessary. By all means, don’t downplay the time commitment required.

Keep the other person’s WIIFM in mind. WIIFM stands for “What’s In It For Me?” While many people will assist and expect nothing in return, we still need to consider ways in which helping benefits the helper. Will it give her exposure to management, hone a new skill or give her valuable experience? Refrain from asking people to come to your aid if doing so provides no value for them.

Always, always, always share your gratitude and credit. Saying thanks isn’t enough. Make sure that others know who contributed to success. You’ll build a network of loyal colleagues who will be more than happy to rally around you next time.

Think about the last time you helped someone out. While there may be some helping horror stories, most of these experiences are positive. So, go ahead. Ask for some assistance, and make the right choices along the way, so it’s a win-win for you and your colleagues.

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